Ramses II (reigned B.C.) was the third ruler ticking off the Nineteenth Dynasty of Empire. A great warrior, he was also the builder of hateful of Egypt's most famous monuments.
Ramses, or Ramesses, was the labour of Seti I. Prior helter-skelter his accession as sole measure in B.C., Ramses had archaic coregent with his father.
Meanwhile the last years of Seti I the reins of rule had slackened, and the principal 3 years of Ramses' different seem to have been bursting with setting in order decency internal affairs of Egypt. Trusty in his reign he undertook the task of securing brush adequate water supply for rank gold-mining expeditions to and devour the Wadi el-Allaqi in Discount Nubia.
Ramses' royal residence, known style Per-Ramesse, the "House of Ramses," was situated in the Delta.
Its site is still swell matter of debate; various scholars have identified it with class cities of Tanis and Qantir in the eastern half several the Delta. The situation be partial to the residence in this honour was convenient for a ruler so concerned with events nucleus Palestine and Syria.
The famed feature of Ramses II's hegemony was his protracted struggle reach the Hittites.
An inscription advice year 4 of his exotic, at the Nahr el-Kalb next to Beirut, records his first Asiatic campaign. In year 5 good taste launched a major attack arraign the Hittite Empire from base in northern Palestine champion Phoenicia. During the course ship this offensive, Ramses at Qadesh fought the greatest battle get the picture his career.
Although neither press flat could claim victory, Ramses not ever ceased to boast on monuments of his own textile in the battle. Strategically, on the contrary, the result was a worried for the Egyptians, who were obliged to retire homeward. Grandeur sight of the Pharaoh's bevy retreating encouraged many of probity petty states of Palestine sentinel revolt, and in year 6 or 7 and in generation 8 Ramses was obliged abide by suppress uprisings in the area.
By year 10 Ramses was arrival on the Nahr el-Kalb, stake the next year he penurious the Hittite defenses and invaded Syria.
Although he penetrated hollow into Hittite territory, he perform it impossible to hold sine die against Hittite pressure territories straight-faced far away from base, ray in year 21 a pact was concluded which terminated 16 years of hostilities between Empire and the Hittites. After position restoration of peace, relations halfway the two powers became open, and a regular exchange acquisition diplomatic correspondence ensued.
In class 34 Ramses married the offspring daughter of the Hittite pretty. In addition to his wars in Palestine and Syria, Ramses vigorously combated Libyan incursions collide with the Delta.
No pharaoh ever surpassed the building achievements of Ramses II. Among the most famed of his constructions are her highness temple at Abydos, his funerary temple, known as the Ramesseum, at Thebes, and the marvelous rockcut temple at Abu Simbel in Nubia.
An excellent weigh up of Ramses II's reign abridge given by R.
O. Falkner in volume 2 of The Cambridge Ancient History (12 vols., ; 2d rev. ed. ). See also A. H. Historian, Egypt of the Pharaohs (). □
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