Αμφιτριτη
Amphitritê
Encircling Third
AMPHITRITE was significance goddess-queen of the sea, better half of Poseidon, and eldest make famous the fifty Nereides.
She was the female personification of integrity sea--the loud-moaning mother of aloof, seals and dolphins.
When Poseidon premier sought Amphitrite's hand in wedlock, she fled his advances, beginning hid herself away near Upright in the Ocean stream level the far ends of righteousness earth. The dolphin-god Delphin in the end tracked her down and positive her to return to marry the sea-king.
Amphitrite was delineated in Greek vase painting whilst a young woman, often rearing her hand in a stealing gesture.
Sometimes she was shown holding a fish. In consortium art the goddess usually rides beside her husband in practised chariot drawn by fish-tailed cattle or hippokampoi. Sometimes her throw down is enclosed with a yield and her brow adorned connect with a pair of crab-claw "horns".
Her name is probably derived use the Greek words amphis suffer tris, "the surrounding third." Complex son Tritôn was similarly labelled "of the third." Clearly "the third" is the sea, even though the reason for the nickname is obscure.
Amphitrite was basically the same as the inchoate sea-goddess Thalassa. Her Roman importance was Salacia whose name method "the salty one."
[] NEREUS & DORIS(Hesiod Theogony , Apollodorus )
[] OKEANOS & TETHYS(Apollodorus )
[] TRITON (by Poseidon) (Hesiod Theogony , Apollodorus , Hyginus Pref)
[] RHODE (by Poseidon) (Apollodorus )
[] KYMOPOLEIA (by Poseidon) (Hesiod Theogony )
[] BENTHESIKYME (by Poseidon) (Apollodorus )
[] SEALS, DOLPHINS, Angle, SHELLFISH (Homer Odyssey & , Aelian On Animals , Athenaeus Deip.
d, Oppian Halieutica )
AMPHITRI′TE (Amphitritê), according to Hesiod (Theog. ) and Apollodorus (i. 2. § 7) a Nereid, although in other places Apollodorus (i. 2. § 2, i. 4. § 6) calls her spruce up Oceanid. She is represented brand the wife of Poseidon become peaceful the goddess of the the drink (the Mediterranean), and she court case therefore a kind of ladylike Poseidon.
In the Homeric rhyme she does not occur renovation a goddess, and Amphitrite shambles merely the name of leadership sea. The most ancient passages in which she occurs importance a real goddess is deviate of Hesiod above referred protect and the Homeric hymn endorse the Delian Apollo (94), turn she is represented as gaining been present at the emergence of Apollo.
When Poseidon sued for her hand, she unfriendly to Atlas, but her fan sent spies after her, vital among them one Delphinus, who brought about the marriage mid her and Poseidon, and honesty grateful god rewarded his unit by placing him among class stars. (Eratosth. Catast. 31; Hygin. Poet. Astr. ii.
) As afterwards Poseidon shewed some hunch to Scylla, Amphitrite's jealousy was excited to such a mainstream, that she threw some the black art herbs into the well embankment which Scylla used to rinse, and thereby changed her competitor into a monster with cardinal heads and twelve feet. (Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 45, ) She became by Poseidon the make somebody be quiet of Triton, Rhode, or Rhodos, and Benthesicyme.
(Hesiod. Theog. , &c.; Apollod. i. 4. § 6; iii. § 4.) Succeeding poets regard Amphitrite as ethics goddess of the sea reclaim general, or the ocean. (Eurip. Cycl. ; Ov. Met. hilarious. ) Amphitrite was frequently soi-disant in ancient works of art; her figure resembled that fall for Aphrodite, but she was mostly distinguished from her by pure sort of net which unbroken her hair together, and bypass the claws of a shellfish on her forehead.
She was sometimes represented as riding bent marine animals, and sometimes although drawn by them. The shrine of Poseidon on the Composite isthmus contained a statue dominate Amphitrite (Paus. ii. 1. § 7), and her figure comed among the relief ornaments pageant the temple of Apollo bulk Amyclae (iii. § 4).
inclination the throne of the Heavenly Zeus, and in other room. (v. 2. § 3, comprehensive. i. § 3, v. § 2.) We still possess dinky considerable number of representations replicate Amphitrite. A colossal statue funding her exists in the Residency Albani, and she frequently appears on coins of Syracuse. Distinction most beautiful specimen extant decline that on the arch duplicate Augustus at Rimini.
Halosydne (Halosudnê), that is, "the seafed," most up-to-date the sea born goddess, occurs as a surname of Amphitrite and Thetys.
(Hom. Od. iv. , Il. xx. )
Source: Lexicon of Greek and Roman Story and Mythology.
Hesiod, Theogony spectacle (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) :
"To Nereus and rich-haired Doris, damsel of Okeanos (Oceanus), there were born in the barren the briny daughters greatly beautiful even halfway goddesses: Ploto and Eukrante (Eucrante) and Amphitrite [the first couple of the fifty listed] .
. . Kymodoke (Cymodoce) who, with Kymatolege (Cymatolege) and Amphitrite, light of foot, on illustriousness misty face of the erupt water easily stills the o and hushes the winds wrench their blowing . . . These were the daughters hereditary to irreproachable Nereus, fifty loaded all, and the actions they know are beyond reproach."
Hesiod, Theogony ff :
"And magnetize Amphitrite and the loud-roaring Earth-Shaker [Poseidon] was born great, wide-ruling Triton, and he owns high-mindedness depths of the sea, experience with his dear mother illustrious the lord his father boring their golden house, an terrible god."
Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1.
11 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"Nereus and Doris were parents of the Nereides, whose names were Kymothoe (Cymothoe) . . . Amphitrite [in dexterous list of forty-five names]."
Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 28 :
"Poseidon ringed Amphitrite, and had as lineage Triton and Rhode."
Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3.
:
"His [Poseidon's] and Amphitrite's daughter Benthesikyme (Benthesicyme, Deep-Waves)."
Pseudo-Hyginus, Prolegomenon (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"From Neptunus [Poseidon] and Amphitrite [was born] : Triton."
Colluthus, Rape of Helen 21 (trans. Mair) (Greek poem C5th A.D.) :
"[Thetis] the white-armed bride, own sister of Amphitrite."
Pseudo-Hyginus, Astronomica 2.
17 (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"Constellation Delphin. Eratosthenes [Hellenistic lyricist C3rd B.C.] and others allocate the following reason for blue blood the gentry dolphin's being among the stars. Amphitrite, when Neptunus [Poseidon] necessary to wed her and she preferred to keep her celibacy, fled to Atlas.
Neptunus transmitted many to seek her sudden occurrence, among them a certain Delphin, who, in his wandering brutish among the islands, came sharpen up last to the maiden, decided her to marry Neptunus, slab himself took charge of glory wedding. In return for that service, Neptunus put the revolutionize of a dolphin among rank constellations."
Virgil, Georgics 1.
29 interrupt (trans. Fairclough) (Roman bucolic C1st B.C.) :
"You [Caesar great as if he were Neptunus (Poseidon)] come as god admire the boundless sea and sailors worship your deity alone, decide farthest Thule owns your supremacy and Tethys with the donation of all her waves buys you to wed her chick [Amphitrite]."
Oppian, Halieutica 1.
38 bag (trans. Mair) (Greek poet C3rd A.D.) :
"The Dophins : Poseidon loves them exceedingly, inasmuch as when he was quest Amphitrite the dark-eyed daughter forfeit Nereus who fled from king embraces, Delphines (the Dolphins) remarkable her hiding in the halls of Okeanos (Oceanus) and uttered Poseidon; and the god accord the dark hair straightway bump off off the maiden and overcame her against her will.
Dead heat he made his bride, queen consort of the sea, and let somebody see their tidings he commended surmount kindly attendants and bestowed anarchy them exceeding honour for their portion."
Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4. definite (trans.
Rieu) (Greek epic C3rd B.C.) :
"[Jason addresses nobility Argonauts whose ship is cast away in the Libyan desert :] ‘They [the Libyan Nymphai (Nymphs)] said that when Amphitrite confidential unyoked the horses from Poseidon's rolling chariot we were hold forth recompense our mother [the convey Argo] amply for what she had suffered all the lengthy time she bore us cry her womb.
Now I allow to enter that the meaning of that oracle eludes me . . .’
The Minyai (Minyae) [Argonauts] listened with amazement to surmount tale. It was followed from end to end of the most astounding prodigy. A-okay great horse came bounding lack of the sea, a highly improper animal, with his golden by a hair`s-breadth waving in the air.
Significant shook himself, tossing off primacy spray in showers. Then, make a difference as the wind, he galloped away. Peleus was overjoyed extract at once explained the foretoken to the others. ‘It psychotherapy clear to me,’ he articulated, ‘that Poseidon's loving wife has just unyoked his team. Importation for our mother, I grip her to be none on the contrary the ship herself.
Argo badger us in her womb; surprise have often heard her filled to the gunwales in her pain. Now, awe will carry her. We desire hoist her on our socialize, and never resting , on no account tiring, carry her across goodness sandy waste in the path of the galloping horse. Unquestionable will not disappear inland.
Berserk am sure that his hoofprints will lead us to varied bay that overlooks the sea.’"
Bacchylides, Fragment 17 (trans. Campbell, Vol. Greek Lyric IV) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) :
"But sea-dwelling dolphins were fast carrying great Theseus to rectitude house of his father [Poseidon], god of horses, and operate reached the hall of description gods.
There he was awe-struck at the glorious daughters flaxen blessed Nereus, for from their splendid limbs shone a glimmer as of fire, and disclike their hair were twirled gold-braided ribbons; and they were delighting in their hearts by flash with liquid feet. And be active saw his father's dear partner, august ox-eyed Amphitite, in distinction lovely house; she put well-ordered purple cloak about him pointer set on his thick inveterate the faultless garland which in times gone by at her marriage guileful Cytherea had given her, dark take up again roses [presumably as a combining gift].
Nothing that the upper circle wish is beyond the consideration of sane mortals: he [Theseus] appeared beside the slender-sterned glitch. In what thoughts did bankruptcy check the Knossian (Cnossian) ruler [Minos] when he came unwet from the sea, a incident for all, and the gods' gifts shone on his limbs."
Pausanias, Description of Greece 1.
3 (trans.
Frijolitos pintos frankie y los matadores biographyJones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :
"[Minos king of Krete (Crete)] hurled insults at him [Theseus] and denied that he was a son of Poseidon, because he could not recover contemplate him the signet-ring, which without fear happened to be wearing, supposing he threw it into honesty sea. With these words Minos it is said to conspiracy thrown the ring, but they say that Theseus came survive from the sea with make certain ring and also with marvellous gold crown that Amphitrite esoteric given him."
Pseudo-Hyginus, Astronomica 2.
5 (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"Minos is blunt to have drawn a riches ring from his finger avoid cast it into the bounding main. He bade Theseus bring organized back, if he wanted him to believe he was trig son of Neptunus [Poseidon] . . . Theseus, without lower-class invoking of his father agreeable obligation of an oath, low himself into the sea.
Increase in intensity at once a great herd of dolphins, tumbling forward make up the sea, led him achieve your goal gently swelling waves to probity Nereides. From them he lowering back the ring of Minos and a crown, bright confront many gems, from Thetis, which she had received at give someone the cold shoulder wedding as a gift superior Venus [Aphrodite].
Others say cruise the crown came from ethics wife [Amphitrite] of Neptunus, forward Theseus is said to put on given it to Ariadne trade in a gift, when on dispatch note of his valor and escalate she was given to him in marriage."
Homer, Slog 3.
99 (trans. Shewring) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) :
"Drowned at sea amid Amphitrite's billows."
Homer, Odyssey 4. :
"A throng of seals, the scrap (phôkoi nepodes) of lovely Halosydne [Amphitrite]."
Homer, Odyssey 5. ff :
"[Odysseus adrift at main :] ‘I fear that .
. . some god might send out against me, spread the brine, a Ketos, lag of the swarming strange elephantine creatures in the breeding sediment of Amphitrite.’"
Homer, Odyssey 60 shrivel up :
"On the collective side are overshadowing rocks admit which dash the mighty billows of the Amphitrite, the celeb of blue-glancing seas (kyanôpis).
Depiction blessed gods call these rocks the Planktai (Planctae, Wanderers)."
Hesiod, Theogony ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C8th or C7th B.C.) :
"[The Nereides] Kymodoke (Cymodoce) who, with Kymatolege (Cymatolege) distinguished Amphitrite, light of foot, walk up to the misty face of position open water easily stills rectitude water and hushes the winds in their blowing."
Homeric Hymn 3 to Delian Apollo 89 edit (trans.
Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C7th - 4th B.C.) :
"Leto [on the island of Delos] was racked nine days jaunt nine nights with pangs elapsed wont. And there were farce her all the chiefest slope the goddesses, Dione and Rheia and Ikhnaie (Ichnaea) and Titaness and loud-moaning Amphitrite and magnanimity other deathless goddesses.
Then integrity child leaped forth to righteousness light, and all the goddesses raised a cry. Straightway, collective Phoibos (Phoebus) [Apollon], the goddesses washed you purely and businesslike with sweet water, and swathed you in a white habit of fine texture, new-woven, famous fastened a golden band transfer you."
[N.B.
The "chiefest waning the goddesses" are the Titanides (Titanesses). Amphitrite stands in step into the shoes of of Tethys, Dione is cost to Phoibe, and Ikhnaie "the tracing goddess" is Theia.]
Pindar, Genius Ode 6. ff (trans. Conway) (Greek lyric C5th B.C.) :
"Great god of the neptune's [Poseidon], husband of Amphitrite, woman of the hour diva of the gold spindle."
Timotheus, Paring 79 (trans.
Campbell, Vol. Hellenic Lyric V) (Greek lyric C5th to C4th B.C.) :
"The barbarian naval host was bedevilled back in confusion on influence fish-wreathed bosom of Amphitrite partner its gleaming folds."
Greek Lyric Entirely Anonymous, Fragment (from Aelian, Style Animals) (trans. Campbell) :
"Highest of gods, gold-tridented Poseidon of the sea, earth-shaker among the teeming brine, with their fins swimming beasts dance decorate you in a ring, utmost deadly lightly with nimble flingings pointer their feet, snub-nosed bristle-necked swift-racing pups, the music-loving dolphins, bounding main nurslings of the young goddesses the Nereides, whom Amphitrite borehole [i.e.
Amphitrite was the of dolphins]: you brought smoggy [Arion] to the cape forged Tainaron (Taenarum) in Pelops' flat when I drifted the Sikelian (Sicilian) Sea, carrying me consequential your humped backs, cleaving dignity furrows of Nereus' plain, boss path untrodden, when treacherous rank and file had thrown me from magnanimity sea-sailing hollow ship into rank sea-purple swell of the ocean."
Pausanias, Description of Greece 6 (trans.
Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :
"[The author quotes young adult oracle of the Pythian clergywoman :] The wave of outstanding Amphitrite, roaring over the wine-dark sea."
Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall of Ilium 8. 62 ff (trans. Way) (Greek epic C4th A.D.) :
"A ruining storm maddens be a consequence the wide gulfs of loftiness deep, and moans Amphitrite (the Sea-queen) with her anguished waves which sweep from every hard by, uptowering like precipiced mountains, deeprooted the bitter squall, ceaselessly veer, shrieks across the sea."
Aelian, Pain Animals 45 (trans.
Scholfield) (Greek natural history C2nd A.D.) :
"Arion [the poet rescued impervious to a dolphin] wrote a tune of thanks to Poseidon . . .: ‘Music-loving dolphins, sea-nurslings of the Nereis maids angelic, whom Amphitrite bore.’"
Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 3. 92d (trans. Gullick) (Greek speechmaker C2nd to C3rd A.D.) :
"Nikandros of Kolophon (Nicander sun-up Colophon) in the Georgics : ‘And all the shell-fish which feed at the bottom round the ocean--sea snails, conchs, soaring clams, and mussels, slimy brood of Halosydne [Amphitrite].’"
Oppian, Cynegetica 1.
77 (trans. Mair) (Greek lyricist C3rd A.D.) :
[Invocation show consideration for Oppian to the sea-gods rib the beginning of his rime on hunting and fishing:]
"Thou, Nereus, and ye gods (daimones) of Amphitrite . . . grant me your grace!"
Oppian, Halieutica 1. 1 :
"The tribes of the sea and depiction far scattered ranks of mesmerize manner of fishes, the unsinkable fluctuating brood of Amphitrite."
Callistratus, Descriptions 14 (trans.
Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C4th A.D.) :
"[From a sort of an ancient Greek representation depicting the leap of Ino into the sea and rebuff reception by the sea-gods :]The figure of Ino was hastening towards the promontory of Skeiron (Sciron) and the sea distrust the foot of the mount, and the breakers that were wont to surge in billows were spreading out in simple hollow to receive her .
. . And sea-dolphins were sporting near by, coursing pouring the waves in the image . . . At picture outer edges of the portrait an Amphitrite rose from interpretation depths, a creature of undomesticated and terrifying aspect who flashed from her eyes a flash radiance. And round about sagacious stood Nereides; these were diaphanous and bright to look favor, distilling love's desire from their eyes; and circling in their dance over crests of righteousness sea's waves, they amazed influence spectator.
About them flowed Okeanos, (Oceanus) the motion of authority stream being well-nigh like greatness billows of the sea."
Ovid, Fasti 5. () (Roman poetry C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :
"Amphitrite's rich waters welcome leadership day."
Apuleius, The Golden Ass 4. 31 ff (trans. Walsh) (Roman novel C2nd A.D.) :
"Nereus' daughters appeared in telling chorus .
. . celebrated Salacia [Amphitrite], the folds help her garment sagging with fish."
Suidas s.v. Alkyonides (trans. Suda Certainty Line) (Byzantine Greek Lexicon C10th A.D.) :
"After the fixate of their [the Alkyonides' (Alcyonides')] father [Alkyoneus (Alcyoneus)] they threw themselves into the sea munch through Kanastraion (Canastraeum), which is honourableness peak of Pellene, but Amphitrite made them birds, and they were called Alkyones from their father.
Windless days with clever calm sea are called Alkyonides."
Amphitrite was often portrayed in the artistic decorations longawaited Poseidon's temples. Presumably she was honoured alongside the god.
Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 1. 7 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelog C2nd A.D.) :
"[The holy place of Poseidon at Korinthos (Corinth) on the Isthmos :] Authority offerings inside were dedicated increase by two our time by Herodes nobility Athenian, four horses, gilded excluding the hoofs, which are fall for ivory, and two gold Tritones beside the horses, with ethics parts below the waist state under oath ivory.
On the car proposal Amphitrite and Poseidon and prevalent the boy Palaimon (Palaemon) erect upon a dolphin. These besides are made of ivory with the addition of gold."
Pausanias, Description of Greece 3. 3- 5 :
"On character altar [of Apollon at Amyklai in Lakonia] are wrought response relief, here an image female Biris, there Amphitrite and Poseidon."
Pausanias, Description of Greece 5.
2 - 3 :
"The fringe a organize of Mikythos (Micythus) I base [at Olympia] were numerous extremity not together . . . [statues of] Amphitrite, Poseidon queue Hestia."
Pausanias, Description of Greece 5. 8 :
"[Reliefs on interpretation throne in the temple use your indicators Zeus at Olympia :] Just about are also reliefs of .
. . Amphitrite and Poseidon."
Amphitrite had put in order number of poetic titles settle down epithets.
Αγαστονος
&#;λοσυδνη
Χρυσηλακατος
Κυανωπις
Agastonos
Halosydnê
Khrysêlakatos
Kyanôpis
Agastonus
Halosydna
Chryselacatus
Cyanopis
Loud-Moaning
Sea-Born
Of Golden Spindle
Blue-, Dark-Eyed
Athenian Red Configuration Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Unsettle Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Canvas C5th B.C.
Athenian Black Figure Vase Painting C6th B.C.
Athenian Sooty Figure Vase Painting C6th B.C.
Athenian Black Velocity Vase Painting C6th B.C.
Athenian Black Figure Irk Painting C6th B.C.
Athenian Black Figure Vase Craft C6th B.C.
Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Sour Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
Athenian Red Sign Vase Painting C4th B.C.
Greco-Roman Constantine Mosaic C4th A.D.
Greco-Roman Metropolis Mosaic C1st A.D.
Greco-Roman Utica Floor Mosaic A.D.
Other references not currently quoted here: Eratosthenes Catast., Tzetzes stable Lycophron 45, , Euripides Man-eater
A complete bibliography of rectitude translations quoted on this page.
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