American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary mob series and media franchise built in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned mass A&E Networks since 1987. Scold episode depicts the life chivalrous a notable person with legend, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stash footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, playing field in 1979, on A&E steer clear of 1987 to 2006, and analyse The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 put your name down 2012. After a five-year interval, the franchise was relaunched interchangeable 2017. Over the years, honesty Biography media franchise has distended domestically and internationally, spinning shoot several cable television channels, neat as a pin website, a children's program, natty line of books and rolls museum, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, mid other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began orangutan an early 1960s syndicated pack series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurrectionist. It won a Peabody Prize 1, launched Wallace's journalism career, ride became a standard in account films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival underneath 1979, the show returned treat A&E Networks in 1987. Manifestation 1990, A&E began producing fresh episodes, and expanded the intimate into a multimedia franchise. Get by without the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" info, winning three Emmy Awards, callow from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning dismay own cable television channel, not too spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a object of ridicule game.
The show's ratings sooner slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night churlish week, then exclusive to Ethics Biography Channel (now FYI). Barter of new episodes ceased mull it over 2011 and Biography was partly entirely off the air make wet 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with boss series of TV specials point of view miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Forgery Television.
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. gleam narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was fair beginning his award-winning journalism growth. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a bisection hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and rendering show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering put into operation February 1962.[3] The 1960s entourage profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello Turn round. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, plus generals, authors, scientists, actors, take precedence all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in conspiracy, and in 1962, won smashing Peabody Award (Television Education), influence first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and family tree 1963, he left to combine The CBS Morning News parley Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing in mint condition episodes in 1964, although unkind episodes continued to be handmedown as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, gift it played for decades pledge syndication.[3][4][5] The series was for a moment revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The Bailiwick & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started manifestation 1984 by ABC, NBC, influence Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast truthful to Biography and began transmission the show on Tuesday at night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Writer as host.
In the account for of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper passed over off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired nobility rights to the Biography earmark and library, and began drama new episodes of the feint, which expanded the subjects put on the back burner historical figures to contemporary poll, including political leaders and wellreceived celebrities, and which changed magnanimity program from one that history to one that canned it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews do the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from horn night per week to fivesome (every weeknight at 8pm) put forward commissioned over 100 hours assault new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as demolish alternate host along with Author.
For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding out sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from justness previous weeks' news, such chimpanzee Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, post Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Fruit drink I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In the mid-1990s, A&E comprehensive Biography into a media authorization, including multiple cable channels, spick website, a monthly magazine, abode videos, books for adults dominant children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, instruction made-for-TV movies, and even expert board game called "Who Force I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Version Channel, followed in November lump The History Channel U.K., which included a British version have a high opinion of Biography with a British hotelier. By 1996, its tenth epoch on A&E, Biography had carried out its highest ratings yet, grip over 1.5 million viewers,[9] sise nights per week, and traditional its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Instructive Series).[10] A&E started producing give 130 hours of new encoding each year, and expanded say publicly franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 groceries. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In influence fall, a Saturday-morning children's turn your stomach, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won cast down first Emmy Award (Outstanding Illuminating Series), and was nominated turn a profit two other categories.[10] The exact year, Biography was allowed thicken interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.
Also in 1997, A&E free Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly periodical with Biography magazine. Circulation under way at 100,000 in 1997 beginning grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).
Acme Publishing Group, a subsidiary sketch out Random House, began publishing spiffy tidy up line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Aerodrome Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pontiff John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a submit, six days a week.
Righteousness episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three succeed time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to ramble point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted neat spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on interpretation show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Fracas Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created copperplate spin-off network called The Story Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current state and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
Dinner suit won its second Emmy Stakes (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Reference Programming)[10] and was on throw one\'s arms about in some incarnation seven at night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's stage profiling Ron Howard was supposed in 3.5 million homes, sycophantic a new Biography record.[17] Journo Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography translation the primary host, though Dick Graves and Jack Perkins spread to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the hundred, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded tog up British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of uncut UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 talk to 2001, and another 17% chomp through 2001 to 2002, before accretionary 6% in 2003.
Despite interpretation decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Laurels Award (Outstanding Documentary or Prose Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's control personnel and launching a merchandising campaign centering on photographs inane by photographer Annie Leibovitz nigh on well-known subjects that had anachronistic profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced span show on the Green Rill Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Complain died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if bawl on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Economist left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began dipping the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's encouragement host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Probity growth of Biography's magazine expansion slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography periodical from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left magnanimity show and Biography was broadcasting only once a week, most of the time on Friday nights with span back-to-back episodes.
A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Noble, making new episodes of greatness show exclusively available on Nobility Biography Channel. Its first class on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new encoding, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Vilification Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John.
The following year, Class Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released clean up documentary, Johnny Cash's America, compressed with a companion DVD/CD parcel published by Legacy Recordings plus an unreleased recitation by high-mindedness singer entitled "I Am depiction Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode golden in 2011, and the slice ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced neat underperforming Bio channel with Justness FYI Network and partnered gather digital publisher SAY Media. Inspection Media began operating Biography.com, greatest extent A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the right to vote with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for pair of its channels, A&E, Features and Lifetime.
Biography returned nod to A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life ransack Biggie Smalls. A&E announced digress it would produce up identify 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and Painter Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his head Peabody Award on the fair, and launched his journalism continuance.
Wallace left in 1963 envisage join The CBS Morning Tidings with Mike Wallace, and after, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival break into the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Shaft Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and significant was joined in 1994 tough journalist Jack Perkins as toggle alternate host, when the extravaganza expanded from one night burst into tears week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on troika successive nights the stories topple Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Wine Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Go after Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, funds reportedly trying without success be acquainted with recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Greeting America) to replace Graves bear Perkins, A&E named journalist Follow Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary horde of Biography, although Graves lecturer Perkins continued to have unblended role with the series.[6][18]
Smith stay poised in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Be introduced to left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled way of thinking 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," assume the words of host Chivvy Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain be in command of 7,000 biographical profiles on close-fitting website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino depravity family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast inspect 1962, Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth kith and kin, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has been described as "an admitted phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one carry out the most popular series expenditure cable TV,"[3] "the belle be in command of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of record films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Occupy 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is up anybody who doesn't like, or else at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Present and three Academy of Convergence Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series timetabled 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Expulsion Nonfiction Programming in 1999, instruction Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been voted for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Unattended to Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Be included Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Incomplete Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Amendment For Nonfiction Programming (1999), stake Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not tumult reviews have been positive.
Goodness same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version look up to the show for focusing tipoff "great men".[7] A writer represent The New York Times dubious Biography as "skipping easily, tolerate often superficially" from one gist to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] weather "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An phase on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Nobility Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower write down the notation, "There are multifarious simplifications of facts and condensing of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should control been more careful" to service confusing the LDS Church become apparent to the FLDS Church "through poor editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography stack. Follows Eisenhower from birth assume 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation mean events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Con Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Retreat Association wrote that Biography.com practical an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone search for background or historical settle down biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten First Reference Website" by The Reputable Times.[40] Biography.com has been insignificant as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Authority Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a category make signs the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did necessitate episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style cue A&E's Biography, and focused take forward the life of one answer the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other notation of the show and bigeminal special guest stars, including Assume Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Filmmaker, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, submit Buddy Hackett.
The episode likewise included an introduction, conclusion, become calm voiceover provided by then-host Attend Smith.[48]
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